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A common adverse effect of chronic recreational marijuana use is cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome. In fact, cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome is a near daily diagnosis in many Canadian emergency departments. Anecdotal evidence…

Cannabinoid receptors have been located in the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system, as well as on immune cells. Have cannabinoid receptors been isolated in reproductive tissues/cells? In…

What are K2 and Spice? K2 and Spice are synthetic cannabinoid "designer drugs" that are intended to mimic the effects of THC. These synthetic cannabinoids are sold as “herbal incense”…

Respiratory depression is associated with the overdose of opioids or benzodiazepines. Is respiratory depression associated with an overdose of cannabinoids? Why or why not? Respiratory depression is not associated with…

As of January 2020, how many Americans were using marijuana-based products for medicinal purposes? It has been estimated that more than 2 million Americans use marijuana for medical reasons. Some…

Cannabinoids are metabolized by many of the same cytochrome P450 enzymes as warfarin, including CYP3A4, CYP2C9, and CYP2C19. THC, CBD and CBN can inhibit the CYP2C9-mediated hydroxylation of warfarin, and…

CBD is a CB1 antagonist and a negative allosteric modulator at CB2. Does CBD interact with receptors other than CB1 or CB2? Yes. CBD has cannabinoid receptor-independent properties. For example,…

Cannabinoid receptors are located throughout various parts of the CNS, including the basal ganglia, hippocampus, cerebellum and cerebral cortex, and in the peripheral nervous system. Also, CB2 receptors are located…

Methadone, morphine and heroin are all narcotics. Do they all have a similar chemical structure? No. Morphine and heroin (which is derived from morphine) have a similar structure. Methadone, which…

Is the analgesic potency of hydromorphone more or less than the potency of morphine? Hydromorphone is (2 to 8 times) more potent than morphine but not as potent as fentanyl.…