Perioperative Considerations for Patients Utilizing
Cannabinoid-based Medicines and Products References

References:

  1. Alexander JC, Joshi GP. A review of the anesthetic implications of marijuana use. Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent). Jul2019;32(3):364–371. 
  2. American Osteopathic Association. (2019, April 15). Regular cannabis users require up to 220% higher dosage for sedation in medical procedures: Physicians concerned over possible rise in adverse side effects. ScienceDaily.  www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/04/190415172147.htm
  3. DeFilippis EM, Bajaj NS, Singh A, Malloy R, Givertz MM, Blankstein R, Bhatt DL, Vaduganathan M. Marijuana Use in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease
  4. JACC Review Topic of the Week. JACC. Jan2020;75(3):320-332. 
  5. Flisberg P, Paech MJ, Shah T, et al. Induction dose of propofol in patients using cannabis. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2009;26:192. 
  6. Goel A, McGuinness B, Jivraj NK, Wijeysundera DN, Mittleman MA, Bateman BT, Clarke H, Kotra LP, Ladha KS; Cannabis Use Disorder and Perioperative Outcomes in Major Elective Surgeries: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis. Anesthesiology 2020 Apr;132(4):625-635.
  7. Horvath C, Bowman Dalley C, Grass N, Tola, DH. Marijuana Use in the Anesthetized Patient: History, Pharmacology, and Anesthetic Considerations. AANA Journal  Dec 2019   Vol. 87, No. 6. 
  8. Ladha KS et al.  The Impact of Perioperative Cannabis Use: A Narrative Scoping Review. Cannabis Cannabinoid Res.  2019 Dec 6;4(4):219-230.
  9. McCallum RW, Soykan I, Sridhar KR, Ricci DA, Lange RC, Plankey MW. Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol delays the gastric emptying of solid food in humans: a double-blind, randomized study. Aliment Pharm Ther. 1999;13(1):77-80. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2036.1999.00441
  10. Shah S, Schwenk ES, Sondekoppam RV, et al
  11. ASRA Pain Medicine consensus guidelines on the management of the perioperative patient on cannabis and cannabinoids. Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine  Published Online First: 03 January 2023. doi:10.1136/rapm-2022-104013
  12. Suhre  W, O’Reilly-Shah  V, Van Cleve  W. Cannabis use is associated with a small increase in the risk of postoperative nausea and vomiting: a retrospective machine-learning causal analysis. BMC Anesthesiol 2020;20:115Tapley P, Kellett S. Cannabis-based medicines and the perioperative physician. Perioper Med 8, 19 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13741-019-0127-x
  13. Touil N, Lavand’homme P. Cannabis hyperalgesia-A phenomenon underestimated in the peri-operative period? Eur J of Anaes: Sept 2019. Vol 36. Issue 9. p 623-624

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