The Endocannabinoid System and
Medical Marijuana in 15 Minutes References

References:

1. Serrano A, Parsons LH. Endocannabinoid influence in drug reinforcement, dependence and addiction-related behaviors. Pharmacol Ther. 2011;132(3):215-41.
2. Bellocchio L, Cervino C, Pasquali R, Pagotto U. (June 2008). The endocannabinoid system and energy metabolism. J. Neuroendocrinol. 20 (6): 850–7. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2826.2008.01728.x. PMID 18601709
3. Maccarrone M, Gasperi V, Catani MV, Diep TA, Dainese E, Hansen HS, Avigliano L. The endocannabinoid system and its relevance for nutrition. Annu Rev Nutr 2010 08/21;30(1545-4312; 0199-9885):423-40.
4. Cottone E, Pomatto V, Bovolin P. Role of the Endocannabinoid System in the Central Regulation of Nonmammalian Vertebrate Reproduction. Int J Endocrinol. 2013: 941237.
5. Di Marzo V. The endocannabinoid system: its general strategy of action, tools for its pharmacological manipulation and potential therapeutic exploitation. Pharmacological Research. 2009; 60(2):77–84.
6. Mackie K, Stella N. Cannabinoid receptors and endocannabinoids: evidence for new players. AAPS J. 2006;8(2):E298-306.
7. Battista, Natalia; Meccariello, Rosaria; Cobellis, Gilda; Fasano, Silvia; Di Tommaso, Monia; Pirazzi, Valentina; Konje, Justin C; Pierantoni, Riccardo;Maccarrone, Mauro The role of endocannabinoids in gonadal function and fertility along the evolutionary axis. Molecular and Cellular Endocrin. Vol 355, issue 1, May 2012;1-14
8. Atakan, Z. “Cannabis, a complex plant: different compounds and different effects on individuals.” Therapeutic advances in psychopharmacology 2012; 2(6): 241-54
9. Hillard CJ, Manna S, Greenberg MJ, DiCamelli R, Ross RA, Stevenson LA, Murphy V, Pertwee RG, and Campbell WB. Synthesis and characterization of potent and selective agonists of the neuronal cannabinoid receptor (CB1). J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 1999; 289(3): 1427-33.
10. Freund TF, Katona I, and Piomelli D. Role of endogenous cannabinoids in synaptic signaling. Physiol Rev, 2003; 83(3): 1017-66.
11. Burns HD, Van Laere K, Sanabria-Bohorquez S, et al. [18F]MK-9470, a positron emission tomography (PET) tracer for in vivo human PET brain imaging of the cannabinoid-1 receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2007;104:9800–9805.
12. Howlett AC, Blume LC, Dalton GD. CB(1) cannabinoid receptors and their associated proteins. Curr Med Chem. 2010;17(14):1382-93.
13. Ibrahim BM, Abdel-Rahman AA. Cannabinoid receptor 1 signaling in cardiovascular regulating nuclei in the brainstem: A review. J Adv Res. 2013;5(2):137-45.
14. Aggarwal SK. Cannabinergic pain medicine: A concise clinical primer and survey of randomized-controlled trial results. Clin J Pain 2012 02/23;29(1536-5409; 0749-8047; 2):162-71.
15. Kruk-Slomka M, Dzik A, Budzynska B, Biala G. Endocannabinoid System: the Direct and Indirect Involvement in the Memory and Learning Processes-a Short Review. Mol Neurobiol. 2016;54(10):8332-8347.
16. Manzanares J, Julian M, Carrascosa A. Role of the cannabinoid system in pain control and therapeutic implications for the management of acute and chronic pain episodes. Curr Neuropharmacol. 2006;4(3):239-57.
17. Pacher P, Kunos G. Modulating the endocannabinoid system in human health and disease–successes and failures. The FEBS journal 2013; 280:1918-43.
18. Maresz K, Carrier EJ, Ponomarev ED, Hillard CJ, and Dittel BN. Modulation of the cannabinoid CB2 receptor in microglial cells in response to inflammatory stimuli. J Neurochem, 2005; 95(2): 437-45.
19. Maresz K, Pryce G, Ponomarev ED, Marsicano G, Croxford JL, Shriver LP, Ledent C, Cheng X, Carrier EJ, Mann MK, Giovannoni G, Pertwee RG, Yamamura T, Buckley NE, Hillard CJ, Lutz B, Baker D, and Dittel BN. Direct suppression of CNS autoimmune inflammation via the cannabinoid receptor CB1 on neurons and CB2 on autoreactive T cells. Nat Med, 2007; 13(4): 492-7.
20. Guillot A, Hamdaoui N, Bizy A, Zoltani K, Souktani R, Zafrani ES, Mallat A, Lotersztajn S, and Lafdil F. Cannabinoid receptor 2 counteracts interleukin-17-induced immune and fibrogenic responses in mouse liver. Hepatology, 2014; 59(1): 296-306.
21. Mehmedic Z, Chandra S, Slade D, et al. Potency trends of Δ9-THC and other cannabinoids in confiscated cannabis preparations from 1993 to 2008. J Forensic Sci. 2010;55(5):1209-1217.
22. ElSohly, M. A. and W. Gul. 2014. Handbook of cannabis (Chapter 2). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press: P.20.
23. Hazekamp A, Fischedick JT. Cannabis–from cultivar to chemovar. Drug Testing and Analysis, 2012; 4 (special issue): 660-7.
24. Pollio A. The Name of Cannabis: A Short Guide for Non-botanists. Cannabis Cannabinoid Res. 2016;1(1):234-238.
25. Kane B. Medical Marijuana: the continuing story. Ann Intern Med.2001; 134(12):1159-1162
26. Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, HR2, Subtitle G-Hemp Production, Sec. 297A (Definitions) (2018). https://www.congress.gov/bill/115th-congress/house-bill/2/text?format=txt Accessed 1/2/19.
27. Fortenbery TR, Bennett M. Opportunities for Commercial Hemp Production. Review of Agricultural Economics, 2004, 26 (1), 97–117. 
28. Russo EB. Taming THC:potential cannabis synergy and phytocannabinoid-terpenoid entourage effects. Br J of Pharmacolo. 2011;163(7):1344-1364. doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01238.
29. Herkenham M, Lynn AB, Little MD, et al. Cannabinoid receptor localization in brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1990; 87:1932–1936. 
30. National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. The health effects of cannabis and cannabinoids: The current state of evidence and recommendations for research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24625.

Share our free resources page with colleagues and friends….

---

Only have a minute but want to Learn something every day^®? Sign up to receive Your Morning Dose of Cannabinoid Medical Education™.